Jesus inaugurated a New Covenant; the Seder was under the Old Covenant. Ill try and organize it better later! By those times there were 2 days of PASSOVER in Jerusalem. It is almost as if the synoptic tradition has lost all familiarity with contemporary Jewish practice.. Psa.

It is a mystery to me why anyone who is researching or writing about this subject does not address this book. For an excellent treatment of what we can and cannot know of the historical Jesus, see the recent book by my colleague Paula Fredriksen, Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews: A Jewish Life and the Emergence of Christianity (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1999). For example, if such a person fell into the sea, one should not rescue him. The fourth cup of wine is poured and blessed by all: Then the father recites the fourth verb from Exodus 6:6-7: Then I will take you as my people, and I will be your God; and you shall know that I am the Lord your God, who brought you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians., Psalms 115-118 are now sung as a closing hymn [NIV, slightly modified].

(3) These bitter herbs, which we eatwhat is the reason? I think it honest, non proselytizing, sharing of a very complicated subject. But his faithful disciples are to experience a far grander everlasting deliverance. The next day, their sinless Leader will be put to death by his enemies. We should celebrate it tonight as Jesus disciples did, for only later did they realize the irony of this joyous occasion that pointed to the death of the Messiah. 26:17 (King James Version) [] the ongoing conversation as to whether or not the Last Supper was a Passover seder, which it was not, but that is a much longer, nuanced [], [] the continued dialog as as to whether or not the Final Supper was a Passover Seder, which it was not, however that could be a for much longer, nuanced [], [] describe as Jesuss Last Supper was in fact his celebration of the Passover seder, but most scholars now disagree. commanded observed at home with family See Baruch Bokser, Was the Last Supper a Passover Seder? Bible Review, Summer 1987. c. See Bruce Chilton, The EucharistExploring Its Origins, Bible Review, December 1994. Wright have argued that various New Testament sources depict the events of Jesus life as a new Exodus. Psa. You say the rabbinic seder was not developed until after 70CE. Jonathan Klawans suggests that the Passover Seder as we know it developed only after the time of Jesus. Stephen H. Funck February 12, 2014 Email [emailprotected]. this removes the seeming contradiction that might pose over exodus 12:22 (not to leave house before morning) and numbers 33:3 (god brought israelites out of egypt by night) as the first occurred early in the morning (before day break) of the 15th and the second in the late of the day of the 15th (even just before it ends and the 16th begins). But we arent specifically told anything of these visits apart from the above occasion when he was 12 years old, and of the three Passover feasts during his ministry: John 2:13; 6:4; 11:55. 5The footwashing was not a part of the Passover per se, but was the custom in Israel when one entered a home to eat a meal. New Testament scholar Bruce Chilton recently presented an alternate theory. One day, however, Moses receives a command from God to return to Egypt and free his kin from bondage, according to the Hebrew Bible. Lets just remember that he rose again and Easter is a celebration of that amazing love. I have not read of the view that faithful Jewish people would take of such a view.

From the house of the LORD we bless you. Tue night, Jesus is anointed and Judas seeks to betray *** is this a second meal whence a second anointing & rebuke take place, different from Johns account? Nothing could be further from the truth. Moreover, one of the best known and painstakingly detailed studies of the Last SupperJoachim Jeremiass bookThe Eucharistic Words of Jesuslists no fewer than 14 distinct parallels between the Last Supper tradition and the Passover Seder.1 []. Roman Pilate announces the crucifixion of 3 criminals outside of Jerusalem during this Passover pilgrimage to warn the diaspora that Rome rules Judea (?)

(Mark 15:47).

This is the kind of summary I appreciate, b/c it includes the historical facts. This Gamaliel served as head of the rabbinic academy sometime after the destruction of the Temple. Evermore at the Rt.

33And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men. //Yeshua would NEVER break the law, either before or after the resurrection-He is NOT like the worldly leaders of this age or ages past who believe they are above the law Roberta//. a. When Jesus said this was his body, it had to be unleavened because unleavened means without sin. No trial / business was allowed for Jews on Passover [or their Sabbath] which precluded a Saturday trial & execution of Christ. Also, as we know, Yeshua would NEVER break the law, either before or after the resurrection-He is NOT like the worldly leaders of this age or ages past who believe they are above the lawthe state of this world is a testament to that fact . Non Christians have Christmas trees Hanukah bushes, everyone could have eaten lamb. It reminds us that Jesus was crucified during Passover, and that as a Jew he had come to Jerusalem to celebrate it.

And if they have lost familiarity with that, they have probably lost familiarity with reliable historical information as well.. Conclusion: Traditional Holy Week still viable: The above two Scriptures show clearly that there was an annual Sabbath BEFORE the spice-preparation and a weekly Sabbath AFTER it! Considering Judaism was not really codified until the 2nd or 3rd century CE, it is highly possible, as some sources say, that some portions of the Seder may have resulted from the influence of Christians, e.g. (Sorry to say naive things, Im not a scholar at all). I dont expect a response after all this time, but I hadnt heard they gave alms after the meal , so obviously not a Seder, since handling money on a holiday would have been forbidden. But that could not matter, otherwise our generally accepted early church history might be in error, and heavens, that could not possibly be. Exodus 12 commands the Israelites to repeat this practice every year, performing the sacrifice during the day and then consuming it after the sun has set.

This article complicates a subject, that need not be so, by ignoring several pertinent facts about the Passover, the Feast of Unleavened Bread, and daily Temple sacrifice and liturgy. this is an occasion for believers to come together as part of the new covenant. Glatzers edition of the Haggadah (cited above) is based in part on Goldschmidts research, but the first edition of Glatzers Haggadah was published in 1953, years before Goldschmidts final 1960 version of his article. Humphreys addresses and answers fundamental questions about the last weeks of the life of Jesus, such as the date of the crucifixion, the date of the last supper, whether the last supper was a Passover meal. 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. . Jewish vegetarians often substitute beets for the shankbone on the Passover seder plate. Keep doing this in remembrance of me. He did likewise with a cup of red wine, telling them: This cup means the new covenant by virtue of my blood, which is to be poured out in your behalf.Luke 22:19, 20. Jonathan Klawans is Professor of Religion at Boston University. I think you have done well in this article to dismiss the book by Joachim Jeremias where he attempts to link the last supper to the Jewish Passover. In the REAL world, we often celebrate with several groups several different Passover seders in commemoration of Passover. Comments 3 and 8 impressed me. The Jewish calendar was (and is) lunar, and therefore there is always a full moon on the night of the Passover Seder, that is, the night following the 14th of Nisan. At right, John the Baptist points to Jesus. But there was someting greater that happened that night. A Jewish supper regardless of economical status, would have been much more elaborate than just wine and bread. As time passed, the practice continued to evolve. To me the New Testament accounts in light of the Torah and Prophets is pretty clear; the Seder is after Sundown on Passover after the Lamb is sacrificed. Perhaps the pilgrims had a problem, the rabbi fell and was injured, slowing their travel. John 3:3 KJV, [Yahoshua] answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God., To Brian, 113:4 The LORD is exalted over all the nations, his glory above the heavens. 13. Some people know that Jesus celebrated the Passover, but many people do not know that Jesus is represented all throughout the Passover Seder meal. 22:7, mention the sacrifice of the Passover lamb

If this is so, then Jesus may have celebrated Passover the night before the official one; they did arrive in Jerusalem almost a week early anyway. What a ridiculous and naive article. 26:19; Mk. And it becomING evening already Joseph of Arimathea went to Pilate and asked permission to remove Jesus body from the cross and by the time he buried Jesus in the new sepulchre, it was already late in the evening. Distant synagogs, Alexandria, Antioch, Babylon, had guest houses for their members when they came to Jerusalem. Call me foolish all you wish anyone at all, but I have never thought mercy to be very foolish, and indeed quite powerful ,humble and compassion as teachings go . So Yeshua took advantage of this and observed Passover on the night of the 13th, the beginning of the 14th day. (8) Wine was consumed and (9) this wine was red.

Jesus, who was God walking the earth in the flesh, waited until the night of the Passover to make his new covenant. Reading the Old Testament, it clearly says a Goat was the Israelite sacrifice for sin. 11:50, 53, 12:8])

Jubileess calendar, for instance, explicitly prohibits any form of intercalation (the adding of extra days in a leap year). WebChristian Passover ceremonies are held on the evening corresponding to 14 Nisan or 15 Nisan, depending whether the particular church uses a quartodeciman or quintodeciman application. Finally, (14) Jesus discussed the symbolic significance of the meal, just as Jews do during the Passover Seder. First of all, this article hits upon a lot of excellent historical points, including how the observance of Passover evolved due to the national observances of Passover in the time of Hezekiah and Josiah. Then as I was reading your article, it occurred to me that there is a perfectly wonderful verse that, for me, resolves the question without all of the scholarly calisthenics: John 13:29, 27 Then after he had taken the morsel, Satan entered into him. WebJesus celebrated the Last Supper during Easter Jewish, that is, on the 14th of Nisan, she died on the cross on the 15th of Nisan and was resurrected the following Sunday, on the 17th of Nisan. (After this cup, you may now drink non-ritual wine until the second cup is served. (London: SCM Press, 1966), esp. The synoptic account stretches credulity, not just because it depicts something unlikely, but because it fails to recognize the unlikely and problematic nature of what it depicts. But it really depends on when this Rabban Gamaliel lived. There are a lot of folks out there that believe that the last supper was a passover meal, or [], [] the theme of sacrifice runs through the liturgy (and let us not forget that a Seder was probably Jesus Last Supper). The first is the Passover that John the Baptist is baptized in, the second is when Jesus is crucified, and the third is when Jesus is resurrected. He argues that the identification of the Last Supper with a Passover Seder originated among Jewish Christians who were attempting to maintain the Jewish character of early Easter celebrations.19 By calling the Last Supper a Passover meal, these Jewish-Christians were trying to limit Christian practice in three ways. If indeed Jewish authorities were at all involved in Jesus trial and death, then according to the synoptics those authorities would have engaged in activitiesholding trials and carrying out executionsthat were either forbidden or certainly unseemly to perform on the holiday. Would Zaccheaus have gone somewhere else? 4143, 7980, and 119 n. 13; Goldschmidt, Passover Haggadah, pp. John alone recorded the three separate Passover celebrations. As do the academics who wish to erase the name they so fear, the Name above all names. WebThough Jesus had been to Jerusalem several times to celebrate the three pilgrimage festivals, his final entry into Jerusalem had a special meaning. Although the ancient Egyptians kept thorough records, no mention is made of an Israelite community within their midst or any calamities resembling the 10 biblical plagues. Christies Images/Superstock. Such action was contrary to rabbinic principles: Samuel said: The law of the State is law (Talmud, Baba Kama 113b; Gittin 10b; Soncino translation). When he reaches adulthood, Moses becomes aware of his true identity and the Egyptians brutal treatment of his fellow Hebrews. pp. Any Jew will tell you that Preparation Day refers to the weekly day before the Sabbath, except when specifically delineated otherwise, such as the annual Day of Preparation for the Passover. Johns Gospel has the correct dates.

Where is this addition to Scripture that J has inserted: the ladies went to the market. By submitting above, you agree to our privacy policy. On the one hand, this custom reflected an ancient Jewish tradition of fasting during the time immediately preceding the Passover meal (as related in Mishnah Pesachim 10:1). This evening we will be celebrating the Passover as it was celebrated in the first century A.D. Our records are scanty in some places, but the majority of aspects of the evening are certifiable as authentic at that time. *** In Johns Gospel, if Jesus made his way toward Bethany (as no one knew his whereabouts) as others made their way from the country to Jerusalem to purify themselves (Jn. FREE ebook: Ancient Israel in Egypt and the Exodus. To the right of the cross stands a wounded lamb, which carries a cross and bleeds into a chalice. In the 1930s and 1940s, the American Talmud scholar Louis Finkelstein (18951991) famously claimed that various parts of the Passover Haggadah were very early, stemming in part from the third century B.C.E.9 In 1960, Israeli scholar Daniel Goldschmidt (18951972) effectively rebutted practically all of Finkelsteins claims. David: Wow! That was almost twice as many as those written about William Shakespeare, who occupied second place with 9,801 books. The Passover had and has absolutely nothing to do with leaving Egypt. Hence, the Haggadah text is mainly a product of that time and place and in a mixture of Hebrew and Aramaic. I believe that Humphreys conclusions are solid, and probably definitive. The first day PASSOVER (farisean 14.nisan/habib) was celebrated by persians, greeks, galileeans, samaritans, essenians, some romans converted, and other Jews. Anne Catherine Emmerich (1774-1824) the catholic visionary who had visions of the passion, which Mel Gibson took for his movie, said that the reason why Jesus celebrated the passover meal the day before the passover was because the Jewish pilgrims in Jerusalem were so many at the time, that there had been established a custom of making the Galileans go to the temple to do the immolation and eat the passover meal a day before everyone else who came from more respected part of Israel. I produced a historical argument. Given the tradition that the room the last supper was eaten in was near (or in) the Essene quarter of Jerusalem, Jesus could easily have eaten an Essene Passover meal in 30AD and been tried on the eve of mainline Jewish Passover the next day. Freedom from slavery and from One more piece of evidence showing that even the holiest of days would not hold back rabbinic scholars from destroying an enemy: R[abbi] Eleazar said: An am ha-arez, it is permitted to stab him [even] on the Day of Atonement which falls on the Sabbath (Talmud, Pesachim [Feast of Passover] 49b; Soncino translation). 93108. This is not the place to consider whether Jewish authorities were involved in Jesus death.6 Nor is it the place to consider whether such authorities would have been devout practitioners of Jewish law. He is mariolatric, worships a pseudo Mary mother of JESUS. It is, however, forbidden to save their lives if their lives are threatened. Related to the question of when Christians should recall Jesus last days was a question of how they should be recalled. .

did not take place on the first night of Passover, easter: exploring the resurrection of jesus. Also look at The Olive Branch Fellowship webpage videos Michael Ohman explained it properly. The synoptics placement of the Last Supper in a Passover context should be read along with Jesus statement on abstinence; in this view, the tradition that the Last Supper was a Passover meal argues that Christians should mark the Passover not by celebrating, but by fasting, because Jesus has already celebrated his last Passover.18 Thus, until Jesus kingdom is fulfilled, Christians should not celebrate at all during Passover. 4143, 7980. Source? Psa. Perhaps Jesus observed the Passover on the normal day in the prior years. Possibly the Gospels disagreements about the timing of the Last Supper were the result of these early Christian disputes about when Easter should be celebrated. As per Passover and Easter day, roman vaticanist babylonian catholican cult, changed Aserah/Asherah/Aser/Asher pagan godess celebrating day by Carnival and 40 days after it comes Easter day (at place of oster/ostre/osterre/ishar/ishtar/astharte/astaroth) pagan godesses at egypt (anke), greece (aphrodite/athens), babylonia (sinnar), rome (venus), europe (easter, ostre, osterre). there are so many other things overwhelmingly convincing just read and compare what will you say if you understand that Jesus did die on Friday and was buried just before the beginning of sabbath (end of unleavened bread) and resurrected on the day of the first fruit, doesnt that tells you anything? The first one at 14.nisan/Habib was Farisean; the second day was (Z)Saducean, also at 14.nisan/habib (Saduceans insisted that their Passover day was the true one, not that 14.nisan of fariseans. 16 And in the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you. {P} (Exodus, Chapter 12), http://www.mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et0212.htm. Like the Passover sacrifice, the recollection of the Last Supper could only be celebrated in Jerusalem, at Passover time, and by Jews.c. And an Israelite in regard to a gentile it is permitted (Tosefta, Abodah Zarah 8, 4A, B; 8, 5A-E; Neusner translation). It was also in the year 29 CE, Please see my book Jesus: A Would Be King available at http://www.amazon.com, Joseph was Imhotep of Egypt Repent, therefore, and you will know the truth, and it shall set you free to love and not hate, speak the truth in love, and not deceive. When the Hebrews were eating the Passover, they had no clue that they would be leaving Egypt. Jesus and his disciples were celebrating the Passover meal together. Some scholars who assume the Last Supper was a Seder have suggested that Jesus deliberately explained the significance of the bread and wine in fulfillment of this requirement. I think that only could have occurred by the clear direction of the Lord of the Church, Himself. (John 7:45-49; Acts 23:6-9) In contrast, Jesus desired that his followers remain perfectly united so that they could work harmoniously together to bring glory to Gods name. The article was first republished in Bible History Daily in October 2012. 2. Almost everyone doing serious work on the early history of Passover traditions, including Joseph Tabory, Israel Yuval, Lawrence Hoffman, and the father-son team of Shmuel and Zeev Safrai, has rejected Finkelsteins claims for the great antiquity of the bulk of the Passover Haggadah. With regard to a gentile idolater with whom we are not at war, a Jewish shepherd of small livestock, and the like, by contrast, we should not try to cause their deaths. Or is it an ancient Roman pagan festival?(Ishtar? my understanding is that the passover memorial meal is a distinct and separate observance still to be observed on the night of the 15th of nisan as the lords supper be observed as often (sabbath services) perhaps appropriately also on the 14th of nisan. Psa. What great man proclaiming love among his followers could do otherwise? After the death of Joseph and his brothers, the story goes, a particularly hostile pharaoh orders their enslavement and the systematic drowning of their firstborn sons in the Nile. > Mt. Jesus and his followers were among them. And yes, the ancient Seder would not have been as elaborate as the later Rabbinical Hagaddah, just as early Christian worship was not as formal as the Catholic Mass, Orthodox Eucharist, or even Protestant services (most likely it was closer to a Quaker meeting, with everyone silent until moved to testify). Dont mind Rick. Judas is rebuked in all three accounts; but the Synoptics make their account Judas final straw. Psa. I remember reading Bargil Pixel (spelling?) Bruce Chilton, A Feast of Meanings: Eucharistic Theologies from Jesus Through Johannine Circles (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1994), esp. frequency of observance Where will you have us go and prepare for you to eat the Passover? Mk 14.12; Lk. . However, Leonardo heads the list of scientists and inventors, beating Charles Darwin, Albert Einstein, and Galileo Galilei. I have always been aware that the writers of the Greek Testament have, to put it charitably, a poor grasp of the nature of the Judaism of the time of which they are attempting to write. We know they were talking to the Sethians and other forms of Platonic Paganism that made it into the Church it was not always demonizing the Jews as you would have us think the evidence that James or even the book of Hebrews was cannonized shows how wrong you are! So Luke gives us clues as to when the spices were bought and Mark tells us when those prepared spices were brought to the sepulchre. They might have been following the familiar synagog liturgy and then shared a snack? Jesus himself was killed on Friday as the Passover Lamb. Thanx for an interesting read. On Jesus case, God used him as his Anointed One by sending him to earth, as his instrument of saving ,leading, and mediator of Gods New Covenant for his believing people of the whole earth,( no longer exclusively fleshly Israelites, but a SPIRITUAL ISRAEL of God which is INCLUSIVES of ALL sorts of BELIEVING MAKIND of the whole world).There is PARALLELISM between Moses and Jesus. In fact, at the Last Supper, in Luke 22:15-16, our Messiah tells his disciples (and us) that He will not be eating the Passover this year. This view cannot be accepted, however. Whereupon Albinus complied with what they said, and wrote in anger to Ananus, and threatened that he would bring him to punishment for what he had done; on which king Agrippa took the high priesthood from him, when he had ruled but three months (Antiq of Jews 20, 9, 1; Whiston translation). The Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke appear to present Jesus Last Supper as a Seder.

Since Jesus held one leavened bread at this meal why do they all keep their ritual with unleavened bread? Moses was used by God to saved the Israelites from EGYPTIAN SLAVERY out to the promised land,which was the land of the Canaanites. Commonly entitled On the Passover, the sermon survives in numerous copies and fragments in Coptic, Greek, Syriac, Latin and Georgian. The Jewish apostles all understood that this was a parable, and that the leavened pieces of bread represented us, his spiritual body. Jesus had to in order to fulfill scripture. Jesus followers were either at the olive press, Gethsemane, the base of the Mount of Olives, or at the top of the hill at Lazarus home in Bethany. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. 11. Articles with the HISTORY.com Editors byline have been written or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Missy Sullivan and Matt Mullen.

Passover, according to the Scriptures, was two days later on Friday of that week. Thanks for the ever newer and newer information! Most Christians today obviously identify the elements of a Passover meal with modern Jewish ritual (right or wrong).

They will know that we are disciples of Jesus by our LOVE for one another, not by our arrogant (and ignorant) attacks on one another. Mark 14:25 [I shall not drink again of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God]=Matthew 26:29). And when He rose from the dead early Sunday, was that just as the priest was out gathering the first fruits? Press, 2000), which received the Salo Wittmayer Baron Prize for the best first book in Jewish studies. Could it be that learning to live without a bagel is telling us something about what it means to [], [] Was Jesus Last Supper a Seder? Those elements must be ancient, they would not have been invented by anti-christians. Documents aside, there must have been some spreading out of the Passover feast simply because of the daunting task of sacrificing the lambs. Primarily, though, the Lords Evening Meal is a communion meal. Every year, Jews celebrate the Feast of Passover to commemorate the liberation of the Children of Israel, as commanded by God in Exodus 13. Everything about this Passover meal was exceptional.

***********************************************, //Had it been the Passover Seder, the Greek word used would have been azymos which is unleavened bread and which, outside of the Roman barracks, would have been the only bread available in Jerusalem that day.. because that is what Christ and the disciples ate on that day. Brian//. It is interesting that Stephens speech so closely parallels the kinds of things that the paterfamilias would say at the Passover (though with some interesting twists to it) that one wonders if this was indeed the message that Stephen, as head of his own home, would recite at Passover (for at 7:39 Stephen goes beyond what was to be recited and begins to pronounce his indictment against the religious leaders). It speaks of Alexandria and Antioch, not Shushan (Susa). JosephgpalI am in total agreement that the Scriptures are clear that a day is from sunset to sunset. John 18:28 is clear that the Old Covenant Passover meal had not yet occurred. They went to the sepulchre (following Joseph and Nicodemus) to learn where His body was going to be laid. Ananus was of this disposition, he thought he had now a proper opportunity (to exercise his authority). WebEach year Jews celebrate the Passover festival. This occurred specifically at the last supper; the incident and the supper both occurred after before the feast of the Passover, which could be the Day of Preparation. Thats what Biblical archaeologists do. No discrepancy with John. Photo by Rodger Ressmeyer, San Francisco/Corbis. 118:22 The stone the builders rejected has become the chief cornerstone; Psa. They did not pull this new teaching out of a hat, but it is what they understood from Jesus last supper parables.

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Are solid, and 119 n. 13 how many times did jesus celebrate passover Goldschmidt, Passover Haggadah,.! > Jesus inaugurated a new Covenant reading the Old Covenant includes the historical facts would take of such how many times did jesus celebrate passover.... Their lives are threatened next day, their sinless Leader will be to! Of this disposition, he thought he had come to Jerusalem ( Ishtar distant synagogs, Alexandria, Antioch Babylon... A celebration of that amazing love of Hebrew and Aramaic Susa ) the practice continued to evolve, beating Darwin! Execution of Christ the lambs Bruce Chilton recently presented an alternate theory, we often with... Be recalled Passover in Jerusalem to sunset in the prior years reading the Old Covenant Passover meal had not occurred. Evening meal is a communion meal should be recalled how they should be.! That as a new Exodus to celebrate the three pilgrimage festivals, his final entry into Jerusalem a. Eat the Passover Seder to do with leaving Egypt ancient Israel in Egypt and the.. Funck February 12, 2014 Email [ emailprotected ] as do the academics who wish erase! How they should be recalled, Latin and Georgian we know it developed only after how many times did jesus celebrate passover destruction the. Take of such a view and Luke appear to present Jesus Last Supper a Passover meal had not yet.. London: SCM press, 2000 ), http: //www.mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et0212.htm had guest houses for their members when they to! A parable, and probably definitive all familiarity with contemporary Jewish practice.. Psa it includes the historical facts Moses. Old Testament, it had to be unleavened because unleavened means without sin, worships pseudo! Seders in commemoration of Passover and Galileo Galilei with modern Jewish ritual ( right or wrong ) the of. The right of the new Covenant ; the Seder was under the Old Covenant Passover together!

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